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?5), and indicated that the transgenic plants were successfully synthesized protein encoded by PaGCS. Based on a set of preliminary experiments to determine the threshold concentration of Cd2+ which causes growth inhibition and keep it alive for at least a month, a level of 0.15?mm CdCl2 was selected for screening the vegetatively propagated transgenic lines. All the lines suffered Ibrutinib mouse some colour loss in the leaves after 5?d exposure to Cd2+, while the wild type was affected by a severe colour loss (Supporting Information Fig.?S3). The biomass accumulated by the transgenic lines in the presence of 0.15?mm Cd2+ was compared with the performance of the wild type after 5 and 21?d of stress treatment (Fig.?6). After 5?d, the biomass of lines T1�CT4 was at the same level as the wild type, but that of T5 was significantly greater. After 21?d, the ranking of the transgenic lines was T1?=?T3?Venetoclax price while T1 and T2 shoots and leaves showed a lesser capacity for Cd2+ sequestration. At day 21, MMP23B T5 retained a low root Cd2+ content (similar to wild type) (Fig.?7d) and a high shoot and leaf content (Fig.?7e,f); in T2 and T4, the Cd2+ content of the root had decreased (Fig.?7d), while that of the shoot and leaf had increased (Fig.?7e,f); lines T1 and T3 retained the pattern of Cd2+ accumulation established at day 5 (Fig.?7d�Cf). GSH, TNP-SH and PC contents were measured in WT, and the transgenic lines exposure to 0.15?mm Cd2+. The contents of GSH showed no difference between WT and the transgenic lines whether it was under Cd2+ stress or not (Fig.?8a). The PC and TNP-SH contents in the transgenic lines were higher than those in the WT line in the presence of imposed Cd2+ stress (Fig.?8b,c). After 5?d, the ranking of PC and TNP-SH content in the transgenic lines and the wild type were WT?