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l6k and l1k coincide with the x-axis and the z-axis of the target, respectively. The y-axis is decided by the right hand rule. ECF represents the ground coordinate frame. The origin of ECF is fixed on the ground. Plane xeoeze lies in the ground plane. The y-axis of ECF is decided by the right hand rule. Figure 1 Planar target with two mutually orthogonal groups of parallel lines: (a) Planform of target k; (b) Perspective projection of target k onto the image plane. 2.2. Measurement Model In this paper, a two-dimensional image point is denoted by p=[u,v]T, a three-dimensional spatial point by P=[X,Y,Z]T. p? and P? are the corresponding homogeneous points, p?=[pT,1]T, P?=[PT,1]T. The projection of a spatial point in TCF onto the image plane is described as: sp?=[��|03��1]TP?,?K=[fx0u00fyv0001],?T=[R3��3t3��101��31],?R=[R11R12R13R21R22R23R31R32R33] (1) where K is the intrinsic Alizarin parameter matrix, fx and fy are the equivalent focal length in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. (u0, v0) is the principal point. T denotes the transformation matrix between targets and cameras. R is a 3 �� 3 rotation matrix, t is a 3 �� 1 translation vector. The rotation matrix can be expressed in terms of Y-X-Z Euler angles: yaw angle ��, pitch angle �� and roll angle ?: R(��,��,?)=[cos?cos��?+?sin��sin?sin��cos��sin?cos��sin��sin????cos?sin��cos?sin��sin��???cos��sin?cos��cos?sin?sin��?+?cos?cos��sin��cos��sin��??sin��?cos��cos��] (2) In this paper, definitions Fulvestrant clinical trial of the transformation matrices are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Definition SB203580 of the transformation matrices. 3. The Principle of Global Calibration The principle of global calibration is shown in Figure 2. In this paper, we choose camera 1 as the reference camera as well as target 1 as the reference target. The main process of the proposed global calibration method works as follows: Intrinsic calibration is done separately for each camera using the J. Bouguet Camera Calibration Toolbox based on Zhang��s calibration method [23,24].The intrinsic parameters are treated as fixed and the cameras�� poses are unchangeable during the calibration. Place the planar targets in each camera��s FOV. The symmetry axis of each target is set to approximately orient to its corresponding camera. Image Ik denotes target k captured by camera k. An image sequence I = 1 �� k �� M is obtained. Use the auxiliary camera to capture neighboring pairs of the targets. As shown in Figure 2a, image I?i denotes two adjacent targets (i, j) captured by the auxiliary camera. A closed image sequence I? is acquired, I?=I?i; 1 �� i �� M; j = i +1 if i