Unforeseen Strategies You'll Be Able To Execute Along with Laccase

The steady-state behavior of the cortical model has been discussed extensively in Lipkow and Odde (2008). In the present study, two assumptions were altered from those in the previous study: (1) the kinase was moved from the left boundary to the right boundary, and (2) the kinase generates the fast state instead of the slow state. However, these changes do not fundamentally alter the model, only the nomenclature. Fundamentally, the cortical model is invalidated by the observation that elimination of cortical PAR-1 does not eliminate the MEX-5 gradient (Figure?2D). Nevertheless, for completeness we consider some of the quantitative aspects of the cortical model and point out additional shortcomings of this ROCK inhibitor model. It is important to note that the fundamental idea of the original TGFbeta inhibitor model still underlies the cytoplasmic model to explain the MEX-5 gradient: spatially segregated kinase-phosphatase reactions will generate a steady-state total protein concentration gradient of their substrate, provided the diffusion coefficients of the phosphorylated and dephosphorylated species differ appreciably. For the cortical model to work in the case of MEX-5, the kinase reaction at the right boundary (X?= 1) needs to be rapid, so that the concentration of the slow species at the boundary, cA(X?= 1) is nearly zero. This creates an AP gradient in the slow species, as observed experimentally. As the fast species is generated at X?= 1, it rapidly diffuses away to create a nearly uniform concentration of B within the cytoplasm, as depicted in Figure?S6A. Summed together, the two gradients form a total protein concentration gradient as described previously in Lipkow and Odde. If we use the base case value for kphos from the cytoplasmic model, kphos?= 0.1 s?1, and constrain DA and DB to be the experimentally obtained values (0.07?��m2/s and 5.0?��m2/s, Laccase respectively), then the resulting steady-state total protein concentration gradient is appreciable, although only near the posterior pole at X?= 1 (Figure?S6B). The gradient length can be increased to extend further into the anterior cytoplasm (X?