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Our primary predictors of interest were parity and amniotic fluid index (AFI). Additional variables under investigation were age, BMI, ethnicity, type of breech, placental position and estimated fetal weight (EFW) (continuous in 100?g intervals). Descriptive statistics are presented comparing the successful and unsuccessful ECV groups. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were carried out using StataSE, version 10.1 (StataCorp Pty Ltd, College Station, TX, USA). Bivariate analysis was carried out on variables potentially associated with ECV success (using Student's t-test for normally distributed continuous variables, Mann�CWhitney U-test for Gefitinib in vitro nonparametric continuous variables and chi-squared test for categorical variables). A multivariate logistic regression was then undertaken to determine significant predictors of a successful external cephalic version, including both confounders with a P-value of GUCY1B3 significant.[11] The sample size for the study was based on the two primary predictors of interest: parity and AFI. A logistic regression of parity (nulliparous vs multiparous) on success of ECV with a sample size of 293 observations (of which approximately 50% are nulliparous and 50% are multiparous) achieves 80% power at a 0.025 significance level to detect a change in the success of ECV from 40% to 60%. An adjustment was made to account for correlation between the remaining predictor and confounder variables where R-squared equals 0.20. Although this study uses AFI as a continuous predictor, the sample size calculation could only be based on previous studies where AFI was used as a dichotomous variable.[3] A similar calculation was performed as above using a change in successful ECV from 45% for women with AFI Epigenetics inhibitor being required. Approval for the study was granted by Mater Health Services HREC without the requirement for full ethical review. In total, 355 women between 2001 and 2008 underwent ECV at the Mater Mothers Hospital for breech presentation from 36-week gestation. Table?1 describes our population. Overall immediate success of ECV was achieved in 66%. Nulliparous women had a 57% success rate, and multiparous women had a higher success rate of 76%. The success rate with one, two, three and four attempts at version was 92%, 78%, 32% and 24%, respectively. ECV was ceased prematurely in 5 cases: 2 for fetal bradycardia and 3 due to maternal side effects. In all cases where the procedure was prematurely terminated, it was not resumed and there were no successes. Table?2 summarises the presentation at birth and the mode of delivery based on the results of ECV.