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As shown in Table ?Table22, the overall effect size was 0.58, showing that AVG training produced moderate effect on overall cognition. The homogeneity test presented significant heterogeneity (Q = 103.57, P selleck inhibitor was 0.49, approaching moderate magnitude. We also found that overall adults experienced enhancement of a small magnitude in memory function (Cohen��s d = 0.33). As shown in Table ?Table22, Egger��s test for the overall cognition and specific cognitive domains were not significant, suggesting that there was no publication bias. The Effect of AVG Training on Young and Older Adults We calculated the AVG training effect on young and older adults, respectively. As shown in Table ?Table22, for young adults, the magnitude for overall cognition was moderate (effect size = 0.75; Figure ?Figure33), the homogeneity test was significant across studies (Q = 42.27, P KU-55933 in cognition from AVG training. The homogeneity statistic also showed significant CYTH4 heterogeneity across the studies (Q = 48.14, P revealed that the publication bias in overall cognition was not significant in both young and older adults (Table ?Table22). The Q-test demonstrated that the magnitude of the effect size in young adults was significantly higher than that in older adults in overall cognition (Q = 13.17, P